can grow to 1,100 grams. Scientific name: Atelerix albiventris and Atelerix algiris (from Algeria) Background: Hedgehogs inhabited the earth even during the time of dinosaurs, making the Erinaceidae family the oldest living insectivore! Like opossums, mice, and moles, hedgehogs have some natural immunity against some snake venom through the protein erinacin in the animal's muscular system, although it is available only in small amounts and a viper bite may still be fatal. They can be found in Europe, Asia and Africa, and they are an invasive resident of New Zealand. Body length is 14 to 30 cm (5.5 to 12 inches), and there is a stumpy and sparsely furred tail measuring 1 to 6 cm. Many are run over as they attempt to cross roadways. It is a mammal from the subfamily Erinaceinae, which is in the order Erinaceomorpha. var. This difficulty is not insurmountable, as it varies from one species to another. At the hibernation temperature of 4 °C (39 °F), the heartbeat slows from 190 to 20 per minute, and breathing is reduced to 10 inhalations per minute. In this configuration hedgehogs are usually protected against mammalian predators, but they are still vulnerable to some species of hawks, eagles, and owls owing to the birds’ scaly legs and long, sharp talons. Hedgehogs are also known to be highly susceptible to pneumonia. It’s time for the lowdown on one of our planet’s cutest critters! Hedgehogs can get mites from other infested hedgehogs, which they may contact at the breeders, in pet stores, shelters or previously contaminated bedding. arizonicus (Rose ex Orcutt) L.D. All in a Name The term Hedgehog derives from the fact that the animals like to hang around hedge-rows and has a … Space for copy. Although the eyes are large, vision is poor. The scientific Latin name for a hedgehog is Erinaceus europaeus. Horizontal. Hedgehogs will lick or chew unfamiliar substances or objects and produce copious frothy saliva and then plaster the froth over and between their spines and onto other parts of the body. European Hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus Erinaceids are generally shrew-like in form, with long snouts, and short tails. The underside is covered by a sparse, coarse coat, ranging from white to black (sometimes mottled), depending upon the species. Symbol Scientific Name ECPON Echinocereus polyacanthus Engelm. There are no special rituals, the winner finds the female by the smell. Scientific name: Erinaceus europaeus Considered a gardener’s best friend, hedgehogs will happily hoover up slugs roaming in vegetable beds. Between April 2008 and November 2010 on two stretches of road measuring 227 km and 32.5 km there were 133 recorded hedgehog fatalities. neomexicanus auct. In Britain it is found almost everywhere except some of the Scottish Islands, but tends to be scarce or absent from wet areas and pine forests. Its species name is Albiventris meaning “White belly”. Scientific name: Erinaceus europaeus Famously covered in spines, hedgehogs like to eat all sorts of bugs, but especially slugs and crunchy beetles. They also use the burrows of other mammals, especially hares and foxes. They should not be kept in close captivity, but regarded as welcome visitors. "Meet the Hedgehog: What feeds on lizards, chews venomous toad skins and coats its spiky body with frothy saliva? Close up. You can find these pets in a wide array of color patterns like salt and pepper, snowflake, and cinnamon. Erinaceidae is the only living family in the order of the Erinaceomorpha. Most owners are considerate enough, however, to cut the tubes lengthwise to prevent the hedgehog from remaining trapped against its will. Name: Ethiopian Hedgehog, Desert Hedgehog Common name: Ethiopian Hedgehog, Desert Hedgehog Local name: Al Qunfuz, Edely Scientific name: … Predators: badgers and occasionally foxes. When you first see them they appear to be very big hedgehogs but when you pick them up they feel so light because they are mostly air". [5] Berries constitute a major part of an Afghan hedgehog's diet in early spring after hibernation. The air can be removed by incising or aspirating through the skin over the back. The name hedgehog first came into use in the Middle Ages around the year 1450. Larger species of hedgehogs live 4–7 years in the wild (some have been recorded up to 16 years), and smaller species live 2–4 years (4–7 in captivity), compared to a mouse at 2 years and a large rat at 3–5 years. Scientific name: Rrinaceus earopaeus. The most common species of pet hedgehog is the African pygmy hedgehog. Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day. Surgery to remove the tumors is rare because it would result in removing too much bone structure. Similarly to how pneumonia affects humans, the symptoms for pneumonia in hedgehogs include difficulty breathing and presence of nasal discharge. [7] In addition, hedgehogs are one of four known mammalian groups with mutations that protect against another snake venom, α-neurotoxin. Squamous cell spreads quickly from the bone to the organs in hedgehogs, unlike in humans. It is smaller than the European hedgehog, and thus is sometimes called the African pygmy hedgehog. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. If you are bringing home a pet hedgehog, you are going to need a name for your new prickly friend.Popular names for these little creatures often reference their bristles. Hedgehogs are born blind with a protective membrane covering their quills, which dries and shrinks over the next several hours. Oxford English Dictionary, Online edition. An African Pygmy Hedgehogs scientific name is Atelerix meaning “ineffective fighter. ", "Olfactory reactions in the brain of the hedgehog", Litter – Burlington and MIDI (04/19/2004), Social Behaviour / Territoriality / Predation / Learning: West European Hedgehog, "The value of agri-environment schemes for macro-invertebrate feeders: Hedgehogs on arable farms in Britain", "Hedgehogs are a prickly issue in some states", "Hedgehogs pose prickly problem for native fauna", "18 Trappers Sought for Hebrides to Protect Birds from Hedgehogs", "Hedgehog 'blown up like beach ball' has balloon syndrome", "Inflated 'balloon' hedgehog saved from 'rupturing' by vet", "A community for African Pygmy Hedgehog Owners and Breeders – Environmental Enrichment", "Roast hedgehog and nettle pud – a slap-up feast for ancient Britons", "Trade in hedgehogs (Mammalia: Erinaceidae) in Morocco, with an overview of their trade for medicinal purposes throughout Africa and Eurasia", "ONSLOW, Sir Richard (1601–64), of West Clandon, Surr. The most common hedgehogs kept as pets are the domesticated four-toed hedgehog or African pygmy hedgehog, scientific name Atelerix albiventris. Pigs, honey badgers, mongooses, and hedgehogs all have mutations in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that prevent the snake venom α-neurotoxin from binding, though those mutations developed separately and independently. Having a metabolism adapted for low-fat, protein-rich insects, this leads to common problems of obesity. Scientific names are name used by scientists, especially the taxonomic name of an organisms that consist of the genus and species. [28] The British Hedgehog Preservation Society advises that: There is no single cause for this condition. Scientific Name: Atelerix albiventris. Corrections? Hedgehogs were eaten in Ancient Egypt and some recipes of the Late Middle Ages call for hedgehog meat. In the Uist group shorebird numbers declined by 39% in areas where hedgehogs are present between 1983 and 2000 (Jackson et al. Hedgehogs can suffer from balloon syndrome, a rare condition in which gas is trapped under the skin as a result of injury or infection and which causes the animal to inflate; in 2017 the BBC reported a case in which a male hedgehog was "almost twice its natural size, literally blown up like a beach ball with incredibly taut skin". The blood is sold as a cure for ringworm, cracked skin and warts and the flesh is eaten as a remedy for witchcraft. A hedgehog slinking across the patio shortly before dusk. [30], Domesticated hedgehogs can get their heads stuck in tubes (commonly, toilet paper tubes) and walk around with them on their heads. Hedgehogs have a relatively long lifespan for their size. Animal welfare groups attempted rescues to save the hedgehogs. Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added The most common pet species of hedgehog are hybrids of the white-bellied hedgehog or four-toed hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) and the North African hedgehog (A. algirus). A hedgehog is any of the spiny mammals of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. ロイヤリティフリー写真素材番号: 1559814206 Hedgehog、(学名：エリナセウス・ヨーロッパ)野生の、原産のヨーロッパのハナダで、赤いハナラタケと緑のコケを持つ。 326,237,838点以上のロイヤリティフリー画像。1,199,139点におよぶ新しい [2] Like many of the first mammals, they have adapted to a nocturnal way of life. They feed on insects, snails, frogs and toads, snakes, bird eggs, carrion, mushrooms, grass roots, berries, melons and watermelons. Eradication began in 2003 with 690 hedgehogs being killed. Scientific name There are 17 species of hedgehog. The term Hedgehog refers to any animal with spines or quills. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. The purpose of this habit is unknown, but some experts believe anointing camouflages the hedgehog with the new scent of the area and provides a possible poison or source of infection to predators poked by their spines. The Hystricidae porcupines stay on the ground for … There are no hedgehogs native to Australia, and no living species native to the Americas. Find out more about this garden favourite and some simple things you could do to help any in your area. Females will sometimes eat their offspring if the nest is disturbed soon after birth, and males will attack and eat young hedgehogs of the same species. Hedgehogs are primarily nocturnal, though some species can also be active during the day. Hedgehog scientific name is Erinaceinae. Owners often refer to this as "tubing" and promote the behavior by supplying lean tubes. The scientific or taxonomic name would be Atelerix albiventris.AnswerThere are many species of hedgehog. Hedgehog, wild native, European hedgehog on a green moss log, facing left. The most common pet species of hedgehog are hybrids of the white-bellied hedgehog or four-toed hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) and the North African hedgehog (A. [32] Hedgehogs are traded throughout Eurasia and Africa for traditional medicine and witchcraft. It is a mammal from the subfamily Erinaceinae, which is in the order Erinaceomorpha. Hearing and smell, however, are acute; the ears are conspicuous, and the tapered, mobile muzzle ends in a moist, hairless nose. The common name is the hedgehog. [36], This article is about the spiny mammal. By 2007, legal injunctions against the killing of hedgehogs were put in place. There are one to three annual litters of 1 to 11 offspring, with gestation lasting 31 to 42 days. In addition to the three species of Eurasian hedgehogs (genus Erinaceus), there are four African hedgehogs (genus Atelerix), six desert hedgehogs (genus Hemiechinus), and two steppe hedgehogs (genus Mesechinus). OUP Oxford. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Hedgehogs suffer many diseases common to humans. Hedgehogs are closely related to gymnures. They are … This ringworm or dermatophytosis infection is caused by Trichophyton erinacei, which forms a distinct mating group within the Arthroderma benhamiae species complex.[25]. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the PLANTS Classification Report. Hedgehogs living in the wild are often infested with ticks, fleas and mites, which are small insect parasites causing itchy, irritating skin issues. There are several species of Hedgehogs. https://www.britannica.com/animal/hedgehog-mammal, San Diego Zoo - Animals and Plants - Hedgehog, hedgehog - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), hedgehog - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [13], In Britain, the main predator is the badger. Hedgehog scientific name is Erinaceinae. Fatty liver disease is one sign, heart disease is another. They are, however, much larger than shrews, ranging from 10 to 15 centimeters in body length and 40 to 60 grams in weight in the case of the short-tailed gymnure, up to 26 to 45 centimeters and 1 to 1.4 kilograms in th… Hedgehog cactus, (genus Echinocereus), genus of about 60 species of cacti (family Cactaceae), native from central Mexico to the western United States. Updates? Other species kept as pets are the long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus) and the Indian long-eared hedgehog (H. collaris). Spines can also shed when the animal is diseased or under extreme stress. algirus). Landscape. In areas where hedgehogs have been introduced, such as New Zealand and the islands of Scotland, the hedgehog has become a pest. Scientific Name: Erinaceus; Common Name(s): Hedgehog, urchin, hedgepig, furze-pig; Basic Animal Group: Mammal; Size: Head and body: 5 to 12 inches; tail: 1 to 2 inches; Weight: 14–39 ounces; Lifespan: 2–7 years depending on species; Diet: Omnivore; Habitat: Parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, New Zealand (as an exotic species) Hedgehogs are easily recognized by their spines, which are hollow hairs made stiff with keratin. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [27] A similar case had been reported in 2013. Hedgehogs walk in a slow toddle or with short, rapid steps, depending upon the species, and stop frequently to sniff the air. Hedgehogs are usually brown, with pale tips to the spines, though blonde hedgehogs are found on the UK island of Alderney. Family: Erinaceidae Diet: invertebrates. Hedgehogs are solitary, tolerating one another only during courtship and copulation and until the young are old enough at four to seven weeks to disperse from the nest. Landscape. See how much you know about the unconventional animals people keep as pets in this quiz. Most species weigh under 700 grams (1.5 pounds), but the common western European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) can grow to 1,100 grams.) The African pygmy hedgehog or four-toed hedgehog is the smallest of the hedgehog species and is the species often sold for the pet trade. Hedgehogs comprise a subfamily (Erinaceinae) of family Erinaceidae, which also includes the moonrat and the gymnures (subfamily Galericinae) of Southeast Asia and the Philippines. The Alderney Blonde Hedgehog, tame and approachable due to the lack of predation. Northern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus roumanicus Amur hedgehog, Erinaceus amurensis Southern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus concolor European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus Northern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus roumanicus The scientific Latin name for a hedgehog is Erinaceus europaeus. Download royalty-free Hedgehog, (Scientific name: Erinaceus europaeus) Wild, native, European hedgehog in natural garden habitat with green grass and yellow buttercup. Hedgehogs sleep for a large portion of the day under bushes, grasses, rocks, or most commonly in dens dug in the ground, with varying habits among the species. The SCIENTIFIC name is Erinaceus albiventris.It lives in wooded, cultivated land, desert, and tropical rain forests.Their geographic range is in Western Africa from Somalia to Tanzania.The classroom habitat is wood chips, water, and a … In my experience, hedgehogs often adopt this low-slung slinking locomotion in dawn/dusk conditions, suggesting they may feel more vulnerable in such ambient lighting when It contains two subfamilies: The well-known hedgehogs of the subfamily Erinaceinae and the gymnures, or moonrats, of the subfamily Galericinae. Hedgehog is the common name for any of the small spiny, mammals comprising the subfamily Erinaceinae of the Erinaceidae family, characterized by rounded bodies, short and barbless spines on their backs and sides, often very short or rudimentary tails, and the behavior of rolling into a tight ball when frightened. Of another 135 hedgehog carcasses collected from throughout Ireland, there were significantly more males than females collected, with peaks in male deaths occurring in May and June. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (. Together the hedgehogs and gymnures comprise the family Erinaceidae, the only living family in the … [35], In 1981 Welsh pub-owner Philip Lewis began the manufacture of "hedgehog-flavoured" crisps. [3] Their spiny protection resembles that of the unrelated porcupines, which are rodents, and echidnas, a type of monotreme. For other uses, see. Together the hedgehogs and gymnures comprise the family Erinaceidae, the only living family in the order Erinaceomorpha. Their numbers are in dramatic decline in the UK as their habitat is threatened. They range in size from 4 to 12 inches (10 to 30 centimeters), according to the San Diego Zoo. European hedgehog fast facts Alternative common names: West European hedgehog, common hedgehog Scientific name: Erinaceus europaeus Length: 15-30cm, plus 17-35mm for the tail Weight: Up to 2kg Average lifespan: 2-3 The same goes for pet hedgehogs. Eradication can be troublesome. The African pygmy hedgehog is the species of miniature hedgehog most commonly kept as a pet. Hedgehogs may act as vectors for some human and stock diseases. Lack of predators and controlled diet contribute to a longer lifespan in captivity (8–10 years depending on size). Fatty liver disease is believed by many to be caused by bad diet. Archbold Curator Emeritus Vertebrate Zoology and Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, New York City, U.S. Would you have a pet with spines? [8], The olfactory regions have not been thoroughly studied in the hedgehog. • African pygmy hedgehogs are also known as “4-toed hedgehogs.” • Researchers at 2 universities have discovered that the blood of both the European and African hedgehogs contains a lipoprotein identical to one of those found in human blood. Hedgehog, (subfamily Erinaceinae), any of 15 Old World species of insectivores possessing several thousand short, smooth spines. In mammals, the olfactory part of the brain is covered by neopallium, making it difficult to expose. Their most distinctive characteristic is the thousands of stiff, sharp spines — harder and sharper than those of a porcupine — that cover the animal’s back and sides, like a pincushion filled … As with many animals, it is not unusual for an adult male hedgehog to kill newborn males. It is suggested that these peaks are related to the breeding season (adults) and dispersal/exploration following independence. 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