15 September 2014. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. Archaeometry, published online March 16, 2016; doi: 10.1111/arcm.12228, © 2011-2020. Hoyte also published an account of the expedition in his book, Trunk Road for Hannibal - with an elephant over the Alps, in 1960. However, Prof. Mahaney and co-authors have finally provided solid evidence for the most likely transit route that took Hannibal’s forces across the Alps — via the Col de Traversette pass. 4 October 2016. Sci-News.com. Brown, J. E. T. “Hannibal’s Route across the Alps.” Greece & Rome 10.1 (1963): 38-46. Hannibal in the Alps. 222 pages and map, 21 c. In Poop. Hannibal Barca (/ ˈ h æ n ɪ b əl /; Punic: 𐤇𐤍𐤁𐤏𐤋𐤟𐤁𐤓𐤒, ḤannibaÊ¿l Baraq; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman who commanded Carthage's main forces against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War.He is widely considered one of the greatest military commanders in world history. For over 2,000 years, historians have argued about the route Hannibal took across the Alps. Map of Italia Superior and Corsica - Roman northern Italy and Corsica, showing military roads and the route of Hannibal 's journey crossing the Alps ( 3rd century B.C. In addition to these reasons, Pompey wrote to the Senate and said that he passed through the Alps later on and took an easier and more convenient route that was near the sources of the Po and Durance Rivers.  This pass was most likely the Mont Genevre which was much lower and not as steep. Stretching 750 miles across eight countries (France, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, and Slovenia), the Alps is the highest and most extensive mountain range in Europe, famed for its world-class ski resorts, epic hiking trails, challenging cycle routes, and - of course - … Remove Ads Advertisement. Over Col de la Traversette pass. Licence. All Rights Reserved. Map of Hannibal's Crossing of the Alps. Now that we have decided on which pass they took, the question is how did they get all their elephants over that pass?  We believe that the 3 most plausible ways that Hannibal got his elephants over the Alps are that he either trained all the elephants from a young age to obey him, or he tamed the lead elephant to obey him and all the other elephants followed, or he continually fought with the elephants to keep climbing by beating and whipping them. Web Page. (Brown) The Col de la Traversette has a very steep descent on the Italian side so it would fit the description. The sea route was not an option for Hannibal, as the Romans controlled all the ports and access to the sea from Sicily up to the city of Marseille. More remarkable, though, is Prevas' case for Hannibal's route. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Linked. Mountain Range, Map. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. But now the mystery of how Hannibal's army managed to catch the Romans off guard by crossing the Alps … Creator. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Quora How to Train a War Elephant. 2000-Year-Old Dung Helps Reveal Hannibal’s Route Through The Alps. ( Log Out /  218 BCE. Paris: Dondey-Dupré père et fils, 1826. Johnston in 1877. The Carthaginian general Hannibal is remembered for his march across the Alps with thirty-seven elephants, but scholars have long disputed exactly which route he took over the mountains. No one knows Hannibal’s exact path, but based on these ancient guides four main routes across the Alps are in contention – two northern routes, … Published in The Unrivalled Classical Atlas by W. and A.K. ... direct neighboring route across the Montgenevre Pass. – Map controls: buttons for zoom and fullscreen in bottom left – keyboard +/- zoom as well – Map layers: change between terrain and classic OSM in top right. CC0 1.0 Universal. Very clever people have spent their lives doing this, and have done so wonderfully detailed and clever ways. Until now, the rou… “Specialized organic biomarkers bound up in a highly convoluted and bioturbated bed constitute an unusual anomaly in a histosol comprised of fibric and hemist horizons that are usually expected to display horizontal bedding.”. We share high-resolution versions of our original photographs. He could never have made it safely across. Well, to that end, PBS’ new documentary – Secrets of the Dead: Hannibal in the Alps (that aired on 10th April) might just have a few answers. ‘Hannibal Crossing the Alps on an Elephant,’ a painting by Nicolas Poussin. (Alamy) For two thousand years, historians have hotly contested the path Carthaginian general Hannibal Barca (247-183 BC) took to cross the Alps in 218 BC. Col de Traversette (shown on the map above) is one of the most treacherous routes across the Alps into Italy. Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Change ). Has Hannibal's route across the Alps been uncovered? We are a non-profit organization. The enemy town that was taken on the third day, can easily be identified with modern Gap, because it is a three days' march downstream from Briançon (i.e., days four, five and six). Ancient horse dung is helping to track Hannibal's route across the Alps… Jona Lendering. Celts, Italy, Punic, Roman Republic. But of all his military feats, perhaps his greatest was leading his massive Carthaginian army of men and three-dozen elephants across the Alps and into the heartland of Rome in 218 B.C. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 26 Apr 2012. The second reason that we believe that Hannibal crossed here is that Poybios mentioned that it was very difficult to descend. Web. The third reason is that Polybios also said that Hannibal marched toward the “highest passes in the Alps”. An international team of scientists claims to have solved one of the enduring mysteries of ancient history: where did Hannibal — a Carthaginian general during the Second Punic War between Carthage and Rome (218-201 BC) — cross the Alps? Ancient History Encyclopedia. “Over 70% of the microbes in horse manure are from a group known as the Clostridia, that are very stable in soil – surviving for thousands of years,” explained team member Dr. Chris Allen, from Queen’s University Belfast. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. ‎Even 2,000 years after his death, General Hannibal’s battle strategies are still studied today. Hannibal's Famous Crossing of the Alps. Ben’s route across the Alps Sam’s route across the Alps Episode 4 photos. [Critical history of the crossing of the Alps by Hannibal, in which is determined the route that he followed from the frontiers of Spain to Turin, by the late M. J.-L. Larauza]. It was republished in 1964 under the title Alpine Elephant - In Hannibal's Tracks. Biostratigraphic Evidence Relating to the Age-Old Question of Hannibal’s Invasion of Italy, II: Chemical Biomarkers and Microbial Signatures. It may have been one of the highest passes and one of the most difficult ones to cross but for that reason we think he crossed there.  The 3 reasons as to why we belive he crossed through this pass is that it is one of the highest so that it is the most likely to have snow on it year round, it has a steep difficult decent on the Italian side, and Polybios said that Hannibal marched toward the highest passes of the alps. dumbledore13, weberstategirl15, stabb117, Parker Langeveld Hannibal’s Elephants in the Alps Hannibal’s Route Col du Montgenevre is the most likely route because according to Hannibal’s own account of his passing, there are 5 key physical traits that the pass would have had: The pass has to offer sufficient room to build a camp for at least… Tags. The results were published online March 16 in the journal Archaeometry. "Hannibal Crosses the Alps" is just the right size for the reader looking for a good snapshot of the Second Punic War: the book is not too short, but neither does it drown in detail. The route taken by Hannibal and his army – including some 40 elephants – across Rome’s “impassable” Alpine border has been revealed by the dung they left behind, say scientists. [Paris: Dondey-Dupré father and sons, 1826]. W.C. Mahaney et al. 30 Nov 2020. This map shows the the three possible routes Hannibal and his elephants could have taken when they crossed the alps from France to northern Italy in 218 BC. Ben and Sam’s routes are slightly wrong – we actually all stayed together until Ben went north at the Col du Lautaret and Sam went south east at Briançon. There is a good chronology in the front, some maps and photos, an extensive bibliography, and an index. Lendering, Jona. 4 October 2016. “We can say that these events ultimately shaped the future Roman Republic, eventually with Caesar morphing into the Empire, and therefore into European civilization as we know it,” said team leader Prof. Bill Mahaney of York University and his colleagues from Europe, Canada and the United States. Web Page. Support Us. The 3 reasons as… (Brown). ( Log Out /  6 April 2016. ( Log Out /  “A large accumulation of mammalian feces at the mire site in the upper Guil Valley near Mt. Hannibal and his elephants crossing the alps. The Alps were the site of one of the most famous military marches of all-time, Hannibal's infamous trek. It may have been one of the highest passes and one of the most difficult ones to cross but for that reason we think he crossed there. (Brown) In the section of the Alps where Hannibal could have crossed the Col de la Traversette is one of the highest passes. Poop, it seems, has cracked the case wide open. “In this case all tales were eclipsed by reality,” Livy states. One of the possible solutions as to how he did it is that he trained his army of elephants from a young age and they were all very obedient to him and his elephant wranglers. Over Col de Clapier pass. Now the popular notion concerning the route that was crossed by Hannibal and his army pertains to the Col du Clapier, also known as the Way of Hercules in the ancient times. Description. LONDON, June 5--Hannibal's classic route of march across the Alps with thirty-seven battle -elephants has been retraced step by step by a distinguished British scholar. However, Prof. Mahaney and co-authors have finally provided solid evidence for the most likely transit route that took Hannibal’s forces across the Alps — via the Col de Traversette pass. Their commander Hannibal marched his troops, including cavalry and African war elephants, across a high pass in the Alps to strike at Rome itself from the north of the Italian peninsula. Viso provides the first evidence of the passage of substantial but indeterminate numbers of mammals within the time frame of the Punic invasion of Italia,” the scientists said. Categories. Until now, no solid archaeological evidence has been forthcoming. “We found scientifically significant evidence of these same bugs in a genetic microbial signature precisely dating to the time of the Punic invasion.”. Drawn by Keith Johnston F.R.S.E. Academy, The D. O. H. U. S. M. "Map of Hannibals Route into Italy." April 5, ... the very first solid scientific evidence because we have found specific DNA sequences linked to the exact date he went across the Alps.” ... Judgement Day Map Found In Russia, Linked To Deadly Virus January 27, 2016 4. Hannibal in the Alps. ). Interactive map of historic routes across the Alps – Map markers have pop-up windows with additional information. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. The Col de la Traversette has an elevation of 2,950 meters. This crossing point was first proposed over a half century ago by the biologist and polymath Sir Gavin de Beer, but has not previously been widely accepted by the academic community. ( Log Out /  Map of Hannibal's Crossing of the Alps: Date. Hannibal’s daring push across the Alps (imagined in an 1882 engraving) soon entered into the realm of legend. Deekeswar, Harshavardhan. In 218 BC, Hannibal, also known as Hannibal Barca (247-183 BC), famously led his troops across the Alps to invade Italia. Over Col de Montgenèvre pass. http://www.altituderando.com/Le-Col-de-la-Traversette-2947m. (Lendering) This is one of the highest passes in the Alps so it would be the pass that would be likely to have snow on it possibly year round.  This is important because it was said that they encountered snow from the previous year on the descent. (Lendering)  The higher the elevation the more snow there is. It is possible to tame an elephant if you captured it while it was young and began its training early. (Deekeswar). page 45 note 1 ‘Hannibal's Route across the Alps’, Romanitas, iii (1961), 325 –30. Web. A new study traces Hannibal’s path across the Alps by examining preserved horse poop. Marathonblogger2016 Phillippides26 Hannibal’s Route across the Alps We believe that Hannibal crossed the Alps by passing over the Col de la Traversette. When Hannibal led his army across the Alps, he sought to conquer the Roman Empire and define the path of Western civilization. Crossing the Alps Many surveys of this issue try to build tables, mapping the characteristics of the various passes against the various events in Polybius’s and Livy’s accounts of Hannibal’s route. ... 70,000 troops, and 37 elephants, so this newly discovered poop may be the clue we need to confirm Hannibal’s route. Prof. Mahaney’s team has shown that a ‘mass animal deposition’ event occurred near the Col de Traversette around 218 BC. Geoffroy de Galbert, also points out that later supply trains were unable to use the proposed route across the Traversette. We believe that Hannibal crossed the Alps by passing over the Col de la Traversette. Recommend this journal Email your librarian or administrator to recommend adding this journal to your organisation's collection. His journey with thousands of men and numerous animals was considered impossible at the time, however, Hannibal's determination and cunning won him a spot in the history books and is the focus of my post today! 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