Two or three years of war followed. Diademed and veiled head of the deified Arsinoe II facing right; in left field Λ. ), according to the Letter of Aristeas to his brother Philocrates. The outer face of this block shows the king behind an unnamed goddess, most probably Maat, holding an ankh (life sign). Perhaps because their marriage was political in nature it is not surprising that Ptolemy seems to have had a large number of mistresses, the most influential of whom seems to have been Bilistiche with whom he may have fathered Ptolemy Andromachou and who may even have been deified by Ptolemy after her death. Like the reign of Ramesses II centuries earlier, the reign of Ptolemy II (Philadelphos or Philadelphus) was the high point of the three hundred-year long Ptolemaic dynasty. His only rival, Antigonos Gonatas (Greek : Αντίγονος Γονατάς), son of the ex-king of Macedon, Demetrius I Poliorcetes (Greek : Δημήτριος Πολιορκητής), was confined in the city of Demetrias, Thessaly, and so Keraunos' power extended to south Greece as well. Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt, was born circa 309 BC, died circa 246 BC. Athens led the other states in declaring war against Macedon but they were defeated and besieged. Ptolemy eventually managed to send naval aid to his allies but his admiral Patroclus was heavily defeated by Antigonus II Gonatas (the King of Macedon) in the Battle of Cos and Athens fell under Macedonian control. Relief of Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II and the Goddess Hathor. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. Two or three years of war followed. Numismatic Museum Athens, Greece. He was the son of the founder of the Ptolemaic kingdom Ptolemy I Soter and Berenice. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy_II_Philadelphus#Family. If Plutarch is to be believed, then, Philadelphos was conceived in an unwalled village called Light, during this Mark Antony and Cleopatra summit between roughly November and December 37 BCE because P… Pomp and splendor flourished. 246–221 B.C. Ptolemy II Philadelphos, octadrachm Unknown-0285/-0246. _UID: DAA01FAC6BAE2242891D85B1E4DF48B25BA7, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=jdp-fam&id=I82287. Granite, 27 3/16 × 23 5/8 × 2 3/8 in. Most importantly, he commissioned an Egyptian priest, Manetho, to consult the records in the temples of Egypt and compile a history of Egypt. The scholars worked in Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (285-247 B.C. He had two elder brothers, Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager, both of whom were Macedonian kings. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaĩos Philádelphos" 309 BCE–246 BCE), was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 283 BCE to 246 BCE. https://www.livius.org/articles/person/ptolemy-ii-philadelphus She was the mother of his three legitimate children, Ptolemy III Euergetes (his successor), Lysimachus, and Berenice Phernopherus. Half brother of Magas, king of Cyrene; Antigone of Macedonia; Theoxena; Leontiscus; Lagus and 6 others; Eirene; Ptolemais; Meleager, King of Macedon; Argaeus I; Lysandra I and Ptolemy, Keraunos King of Macedonia « less, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy_II_Philadelphus. He became his father’s co-regent in 284 BC and took over as the sole king of … He began his reign as co-regent with his father Ptolemy I from ca. Guardian Figure. Building activity was concentrated on Alexandria; the lighthouse, one of … With a woman named Bilistiche he had an (illegitimate) son named Ptolemy Andromachou. Ptolemy II began his reign as co-regent with his father Ptolemy I from c. 285 BC to c. 283 BC, and maintained a splendid court in Alexandria. While he was away on a campaign, she conspired against him from the capital, Cassandreia (Greek: Κασσάνδρεια), with the aid of her sons. Geography: From Egypt, Memphite Region, Heliopolis (Iunu; On), Near the obelisk, BSAE excavations 1912 Medium: Greywacke Dimensions: H. 16.2 cm (6 3/8 in. The victory won by Antigonus II Gonatas, king of Macedonia, over the Egyptian fleet at Cos (between 258 BCE and 256 BCE) did not long interrupt Ptolemy's command of the Aegean Sea. This tax may have replaced an earlier yoke-tax, which was only imposed on men but at a higher rate, and it is interesting to note that among those exempt to the new tax were teachers of writing and gymnastics and all of the winners in the Alexandrian games. Ptolemy II 0.3 was made available on August 2, 1999 Ptolemy II Philadelphus, (Philadelphus in Greek: Brother-Loving) king of Egypt (285-246 bce), second king of the Ptolemaic dynasty, who extended his power by skillful diplomacy, developed agriculture and commerce, and made Alexandria a leading centre of the arts and sciences. Monetary History of Egypt. During that time, Alexandria was the richest jewel in their empire. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaîos Philádelphos, 309–246 BC) was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 283 to 246 BC. Brother of Philotera, I and Arsinoe, II In the 270 BCE Ptolemy hired 4,000 Gallic mercenaries (who in 279 BC under Bolgios killed his half-brother Ptolemy Keraunos). His father Mark Antony summoned Cleopatra to a summit near Antioch, Syria (now a part of modern Turkey) in a place Plutarch locates situated between Beirut and Sidon, called Light, an unwalled village. He had exotic animals of far off lands sent to Alexandria, and staged a procession in Alexandria in honor of Dionysus led by 24 chariots drawn by elephants and a procession of lions, leopards, panthers, camels, antelopes, wild asses, ostriches, a bear, a giraffe and a rhinoceros. As did the Ptolemies III through V, Ptolemy II erected a commemmorative stele, the Great Mendes Stela. Death of Ptolemy II Philadelphus, Pharaoh of Egypt a... Burial of Ptolemy II Philadelphus, Pharaoh of Egypt, "Philadelphos", "Πτολεμαίος Β' Φιλάδελφος της Αιγύπτου". ), Aglais (?) The tradition preserved in the pseudepigraphical Letter of Aristeas which connects the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek with his patronage is probably overdrawn. The tradition preserved in the pseudepigraphical Letter of Aristeas which connects the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament into Greek with his patronage is probably overdrawn. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαίος Φιλάδελφος, 309–246 BCE), was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 281 BCE to 246 BCE. Creative Commons-BY (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 72.127_SL1.jpg) He became joint ruler with his father two years before his death in 283 BC. Your choices will not impact your visit. Ptolemy was first married to Arsinoë I, daughter of Lysimachus, who was the mother of his legitimate children; after her repudiation he married his full sister Arsinoë II, the widow of Lysimachus. He had two elder brothers, Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager, both of whom were Macedonian kings. This bronze bust is usually attributed to the Ptolemaic king Ptolemy II Philadelphus (r. 283-246 BCE) although alternative identifications of the bust have been made. Subcategories are rulers in chronological order, including Ptolemy I Soter, Berenike I, Ptolemy Keraunos, Ptolemy II Philadelphos, Arsinoe II, Ptolemy III Euergetes I, Berenike II, Ptolemy IV Philopator I, Arsinoe III, Ptolemy V Epiphanes, Cleopatra I Syria, Ptolemy … Ptolemy II had a joint reign with his sister and wife Arsinoe II, dominated on the military front by several wars in Syria. Among them are numerous examples of Ptolemy making offerings to the ancient Egyptian gods and adoring his deified sister Arsinoe II, but there is also the famous Stele of Mendes. Keraunos quickly captured Cassandreia, and killed Arsinoe's two younger sons, while the eldest fled north to the kingdom of the Dardanians. A cookie which helps me track how many visitors come to my site and what pages they look at. Ptolemy also undertook a reform of the tax system to increase his revenues. Object Details. In about 285 BC, Ptolemy I Soter took as his co-ruler one of his sons by Berenice, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who became the sole ruler of Egypt upon his father’s death in about 282 BC. Ptolemy II married Arsinoe I (the daughter of Lysimachus, the king of Thrace) as part of an alliance against Seleucus I Nicator (another general of Alexander the Great). These moves were partly aimed at increasing state control over Egyptian society, but were also made necessary by the need to finance wars in Syria. He was the son of Ptolemy I Soter, the Macedonian Greek general of Alexander the Great who founded the Ptolemaic Kingdom after the death of Alexander, and queen Berenice I, originally from Macedon in northern Greece. He was the son of the founder of the Ptolemaic kingdom Ptolemy I Soter and Berenice, and was educated by Philitas of Cos. He created three distinct courts: the Chrematistai was the royal court and heard cases on an ad hoc basis; the Dikasteria heard cases involving Greek speaking parties; and Laokritai heard cases involving parties who spoke Egyptian and was overseen by Egyptian priests. Comprehensive theories which undermined the image of mighty Arsinoe appeared as late as the 1980s.14 If Arsinoe’s influence on Ptolemy II’s foreign policy during her lifetime is difficult to assess, there is a lot of information indicating that Philadelphos skilfully used her figure after her death to political and religious ends. He was the son of the founder of the Ptolemaic kingdom Ptolemy I Soter and Berenice, and was educated by Philitas of Cos. Ptolemy XVI Philadelphos Antonius was of Greek and Roman heritage. He took the Egyptian name, Meryamun Setepenre, which means "Beloved of Amun, Chosen of Re". Ptolemy Keraunos (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Κεραυνός, died 279 BC) was the King of Macedon from 281 BC to 279 BC. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaios Philadelphos "Ptolemy, friend of his siblings"; 308/9 – 28 January 246 BC) was the pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt from 283 to 246 BC. He is also mentioned in the Edicts of Ashoka as a recipient of the Buddhist proselytism of Ashoka. He had two half-brothers, Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager, who both became kings of Macedonia (in 281 BC and 279 BC respectively), and who both died in the Gallic invasion of 280-279 BC. (Gold Octadrachm) 27.66 g. Struck at Alexandria 253/2-246 BC. 283 BCE, and maintained a splendid court in Alexandria. His court included many artists and poets, including Callimachus and Theocritus of Syracuse (who lavished great praise on his sponsor). Ptolemy transferred the responsibility for the collection of the one-sixth tax (hekte) from the temples to tax farmers giving the crown more effective control of both the levying and collection of taxation. During that time, Alexandria was the richest jewel in their empire. The Ptolemaic sphere of power extended over the Cyclades to Samothrace, and the harbours and coast towns of Cilicia Trachea, Pamphylia, Lycia and Caria. Ptolemy II Philadelphos came to the throne of Egypt as co-ruler in 285 B.C. 1980) gives the date of his death as January 29. ); D. 6 cm (2 3/8 in.) Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Ptolemaic Kingdom: Tetradrachm, Ptolemy II Philadelphos, 285-246 BC, Silver at the best online prices at … The Letter of Aristeas (also known as the Letter of Philocrates) tells that Demetrios of Phaleron, a librarian in the Great Library, urged Ptolemy II to obtain a Greek translation of Hebrew laws. The king's near hand is raised in adoration as he approaches a small table supporting a floral offering. ", "But [India] has been treated of by several other Greek writers who resided at the courts of Indian kings, such, for instance, as Megasthenes, and by Dionysius, who was sent thither by Philadelphus, expressly for the purpose: all of whom have enlarged upon the power and vast resources of these nations." Geography: From Egypt, Memphite Region, Heliopolis (Iunu; On), Near the obelisk, BSAE excavations 1912 Medium: Greywacke Dimensions: H. 16.2 cm (6 3/8 in. Fearful that Macedonian power in the Aegean would prevent the expansion of his own power in the area, Ptolemy encouraged the other Greek states to enter into a coalition against Macedon which ultimately resulted in the Chremonidean War (267 BC – 261 BC). Ptolemy's first wife, Arsinoë I, daughter of Lysimachus, was the mother of his legitimate children: Berenice Phernopherus, married Antiochus II Theos, king of Syria. On the inner face, below the sky hieroglyph (pet) with a row of five-pointed … Ptolemy deified his parents and his sister-wife, after her death (270 BCE). Title: Face attributed to Ptolemy II Philadelphos or a contemporary Period: Ptolemaic Period Dynasty: Ptolemaic Dynasty Reign: reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphos Date: 285–246 B.C. Shortly after, the Seleucid king, Antiochus I Soter, attacked Egypt in the First Syrian War (274-271 BC) but was soundly beaten by Ptolemy II who extended Egypt’s control to include most of Cilicia. Geni requires JavaScript! 13.7 g. Diademed head of Ptolemy I right, with aegis / ΠTOΛEMAIOY ΣΩTHΡOΣ, Eagle with folded wings standing left on thunderbolts. In about 285 BC, Ptolemy I Soter probably took as his co-ruler one of his sons by Berenice, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who became the sole ruler of Egypt and the rest of his father's empire upon the elder king's death in about 282 BC. Struck under Ptolemy II Philadelphos c. 270-261/0 BC. Arsinoë II, wife of Ptolemy II Philadelphos (died 270 BC). Ptolemy himself was eager to increase the library and to patronize scientific research. According to scholars, most of the animals were in pairs - as many as eight pairs of ostriches - and although the ordinary chariots were likely led by a single elephant, others which carried a 7-foot-tall (2.1 m) golden statue may have been led by four. A keen administrator, Ptolemy II enriched himself by commercial ventures and heavier taxes, albeit much of his revenue went to support his soldiers, courtiers, poets, priests and foreign allies. [1] After Keraunos' younger half-brother, also called Ptolemy, was named heir apparent and, in 282 BC, ascended to the throne as Ptolemy II, he had to leave Egypt, being a potential rival for the throne. Like the reign of Ramesses II centuries earlier, the reign of Ptolemy II (Philadelphos or Philadelphus) was the high point of the three hundred-year long Ptolemaic dynasty. He was educated by Strato (of the school of Aristotle) and Philitas of Cos (an Alexandrian poet and scholar) and during his reign the royal court reached new heights of artistic and material splendour. He had two half-brothers, Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager, both of whom became kings of Macedonia (in 281 BCE and 279 BCE respectively). Son of Ptolemy I Soter, Pharaoh of Egypt and Berenice I, Queen of Egypt Magas of Cyrene attacked Egypt from the west but was forced to withdraw by internal revolt. He became joint ruler with his father two years before his death in 283 BC. 21 [7]. In 281 BC, he made an alliance with Pyrrhus of Epirus. Egypt's victories solidified the kingdom's position as the undisputed naval power of the eastern Mediterranean; his fleet (112 ships) bore the most powerful naval siege units of all time, guaranteed the king access to the coastal cities of his empire. Head of Amenemhat III. To celebrate his accession he staged an elaborate pageant, which included music, images of Egyptian and Greek gods, and a long train of wild beasts and birds unknown to Egypt, including elephants harnessed to chariots. Magas of Cyrene opened war on his half-brother (274 BCE), and the Seleucid king Antiochus I Soter, desiring Coele-Syria with Judea, attacked soon after in the First Syrian War. Pliny the Elder, "The Natural History", Chap. He also completed the Great Lighthouse of Alexandria (also known as Pharos) and ordered the construction of a number of cities along the red sea coast (along with numerous temples and canals) which helped to strengthen trade links with the Mediterranean and boost the Egyptian economy. The kingdom existed from 305 BC to 30 BC. He had many mistresses, including Agathoclea (? Jugate busts of Ptolemy II Philadelphos, diademed and draped, and Arsinoe II, diademed and veiled, shield behind Rev : ΘΕΩΝ Jugate busts of Ptolemy I Soter, diademed and wearing aegis, and Berenike I, diademed and veiled Ancient Greek coins from the Ptolemaic Kingdom, modern-day Egypt. ); W. 10.8 cm (4 … Ptolemy II divorced Arsinoe I and married Arsinoe II and adopted the epithet Philadelphus (brother or sister-loving). While there was a clear aim to centralise control of the legal system, Ptolemy also respected local traditions and much of the reform may in fact have been a codification of the existing situation. Their partnership they commissioned this remarkable coin throne, Ptolemy II Philadelphos legitimate,! On his sponsor ) death, he did not live long afterwards hieroglyphs ) death ( 270 ). Captured Cassandreia, and maintained a splendid court in Alexandria Greek coins from the west but was forced withdraw! 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